Math

While Python provides us with basic arithmetic functions by default, there may be scenarios when we want to perform more advanced operations. Importing the math module gives us access to a whole number of additional operations such as:

• math.ceil(): rounds a number up to the nearest integer
• math.floor(): rounds a number down to the nearest integer
• math.sqrt(): calculates the square root of a number
• math.prod(): returns the product of all items in a list
• math.factorial(): returns the factorial of a number
• math.gcd(): returns the greatest common divisor of two integers

Additionally, there are several mathematical constants that may be beneficial:

• math.pi: 3.141592….
• math.e: 2.7182….

There are many more functions and constants within the module that may support more complex mathematical calculations, which you can explore here.